Insulatorswaa kontaroolo dahaar gaar ah oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaari kara xadhkaha gudbinta sare.Sannadihii hore, dahaadhiyeyaasha ayaa inta badan lagu isticmaali jiray tiirarka tamarta, waxaana si tartiib tartiib ah loo horumariyay munaaradaha isku xirka siliga korantada sare leh halkaas oo daahayeyaal badan oo disc-qaabaysan lagu laadlaadiyay hal dhinac.Waxa loo isticmaalay in lagu kordhiyo masaafada gurguurta, oo badiyaa ka samaysan dhalo ama dhoobo, waxaana loo yaqaan insulator.Insulators waxay ka ciyaaraan laba door oo aasaasi ah xadhkaha gudbinta sare, kuwaas oo ah taageerida fiilooyinka iyo ka hortagga in hadda uu ku soo laabto dhulka.Labadan shaqo waa in la damaanad qaadaa.Insulators waa in aanay ku fashilmin culaysyo kala duwan oo makaanikada elektiroonigga ah oo ay sababaan isbeddellada deegaanka iyo xaaladaha culeyska korantada.Haddii kale, insulator-ku ma ciyaari doono door muhiim ah, waxayna dhaawici doontaa nolosha adeegga iyo nolosha hawlgalka ee khadka oo dhan.
Insulator: Waa shay si go'an u hagaajiya oo ku laalla siliga taawarka.Insulators sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo xadhkaha gudbinta korantada waa: dahaadhiyayaasha dhoobada qaabaysan ee disc-qaabeeya, daahiyaha dhalada u qaabaysan,
Usha ka joojintadahaadhyo isku dhafan.(1) Dabooleyaasha dhalada porcelain: dahaarka dhoobada gudaha waxay leeyihiin heer aad u sarreeya oo xumaan ah, waxay u baahan yihiin inay ogaadaan qiyamka eber, waxayna leeyihiin culeys shaqo oo dayactir ah.
Haddii ay dhacdo in danabku ku dhoco iyo wasakhowga, shilalka xadhkaha ayaa u nugul inay dhacaan, kuwaas oo si tartiib tartiib ah loo tirtiro.(2) Insulator Glass: Waxa uu leeyahay eber is-qarxin, laakiin heerka is-qarxinta aad ayuu u hooseeyaa (guud ahaan dhawr toban kun oo meelood).Looma baahna kormeerid si loo dayactiro.Haddii ay dhacdo is-qarxinta qaybaha muraayadda kuleylka leh, awoodda farsamada ee hadhaaga ah waxay weli gaari doontaa in ka badan 80% xoogga jebinta, taas oo weli xaqiijin karta hawlgalka badbaadada leh ee khadka.Ma jiri doonaan shilal isdaba joog ah oo hoos u dhacaya haddii ay dhacdo danab ku dhufto iyo wasakhowga.Waxa si weyn loogu isticmaalay aagagga wasakhda heerka I iyo heerka II.(3) Insulator-ka isku dhafan: Waxay leedahay faa'iidooyinka waxqabadka wanaagsan ee ka-hortagga wasakhowga, culeyska fudud, xoogga farsamada sare, iyo dayactirka yar, waxaana si ballaaran loo isticmaalay meelaha wasakhda ah ee heerka III iyo ka sarreeya.
Insulators Porcelain: Insulators waxaa caadi ahaan loo yaqaan dhalooyinka porcelain, kuwaas oo ah insulators loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero fiilooyinka.Insulators waxay xaqiijin karaan dahaarka ku filan kirishbooyada, gacmaha isdhaafsan iyo munaaradaha.Waa inay awood u yeelataa inay u adkeyso culeyska jihada toosan ee fiilada iyo xiisadda jihada toosan inta lagu jiro hawlgalka.Waxa kale oo ay u adkaysataa qorraxda, roobka, isbeddelka cimilada iyo daxalka kiimikada.Sidaa darteed, insulators waa inay lahaadaan sifooyin koronto oo wanaagsan iyo xoog farsamo oo ku filan labadaba.Tayada dahaarka ayaa aad muhiim ugu ah hawlgalka badbaadada leh ee khadka.Insulators waxa loo qaybin karaa insulators-ka taageera, dahaarka-joojinta, dahaajiyeyaasha ka-hortagga wasakhowga iyo dahaadhiyeyaasha baadiyaha si waafaqsan qaab-dhismeedkooda.Marka loo eego ujeeddada, guud ahaan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood: dahaarka khadka, dahaadhiyeyaasha taageerada substation iyo baadiyaha.Marka loo eego walxaha dahaarka.Waqtigan xaadirka ah waxaa jira dahaadhyo isku jira dhoobo, galaas iyo organic.Insulators-yada loo isticmaalo xadhkaha sare waxa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa dahaajiyeyaasha biinka, balabaalisleyda, dahaadhiyeyaasha ganaaxa, cududaha iskutallaabta ee porcelain, ul ul iyo dahaadhiyeyaasha xiisadda.Waxa jira laba nooc oo cilladaha korantada ah ee ku jira dahaadhiyeyaasha: toosh iyo burbur.Flashover waxay ku dhacdaa dusha sare ee daaha, waxaana la arki karaa calaamadaha gubashada, laakiin sida caadiga ah waxqabadka dahaarka lama lumin;Burburku wuxuu ku dhacaa gudaha dahaarka, dheecaankuna wuxuu ka yimaadaa jidhka dhoobada ah ee u dhexeeya daboolka birta iyo cagta birta.Insulators waxaa laga yaabaa in gebi ahaanba la burburiyo iyadoo la dusinayo.Burburka, waa in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho hubinta raadadka dheecaanka iyo gubashada cagaha birta.Si looga hortago wasakhda sida boodhka sabbaynaysay ee ku dheggan dusha dahaarka, waxa samaysmaya waddo ay ku jabto danabku labada daraf ee dahaarka, taas oo ah, gurguurta.Sidaa darteed, masaafada dusha sare waa la kordhiyaa, taas oo ah, masaafada creepage, iyo masaafada ka soo baxda dusha dahaadhka, taas oo ah, fogaanta qulqulka, waxaa loo yaqaan masaafada creepage.
Masaafada Creepage= masaafada dusha sare/koronta ugu badan ee nidaamka.Marka loo eego heerka wasaqowga, masaafada gurguurta guud ahaan waa 31 mm/kilovoltkii meelaha aadka u wasakhaysan.Danab si toos ah ayaa loo xukumi karaa iyadoo loo eegayo tirada insulators, guud ahaan, 23 ee 500kv;16 loogu talagalay 330kv;220kv 9;110kv 5;kani waa tirada ugu yar, waxaana jiri doona hal ama laba kale.Xariiqda gudbinta ee 500kv asal ahaan waxa ay isticmaashaa afar qaybood oo kala qaybsan, taas oo ah, waxa jira afar hal waji ah, 220kv waxa ay isticmaashaa in ka badan laba kirishbooyada, 110kv waxa ay isticmaashaa mid kale.Qiyaastii 1 insulator waa 6-10KV, 3 insulators waa 35KV, 60KV khadadka aan ka yarayn 5 xabbadood, 7 insulators waa 110KV, 11 insulators waa 220KV, 16 insulators waa 330KV;28 insulators waa hubaal 500KV.Insulators biin ka hooseeya 35KV, ma jiro farqi u dhexeeya tirada qaybaha.10KV khadadka sare waxay inta badan isticmaalaan 10-12m tiirarka sibidhka iyo dahaadhiyeyaasha biinanka ah.Masaafada tooska ah ee u dhaxaysa tiirarka ayaa ah ilaa 70-80m.Ma jiro wax bir ah oo loogu talagalay 10KV, kaliya tiir leh saddex xariiq oo koronto ah.Caadi ahaan miyiga;35KV khadadka sare waxay inta badan isticmaalaan 15 mitir hal ama laba jibbaaran tii sibidh ah (sidoo kale isticmaal tiro yar oo munaaradaha birta ah, dhererkoodu waa 15-20 mitir) iyo 2-3 xariiqda insulators balanbaalista, khadka tooska ah ee u dhexeeya tiirarka Masaafada ayaa ah ilaa 120 mitir;220KV hubaal waa munaarad bir ah oo weyn.220KV khadadka sare waxay inta badan isticmaalaan munaaradaha birta ee ka badan 30 mitir iyo xadhig dheer oo dahaadhiyeyaasha balanbaalista.Masaafada tooska ah ee u dhaxaysa munaaradaha birta waxay ka badan tahay 200 mitir.Insulators Composite: Xaqiijinta hawlgalka badbaadada leh ee nidaamka korantada iyo hagaajinta isku halaynta korontada waa tilmaame muhiim u ah qiimeynta shirkadaha korontada, iyo isticmaalka joogtada ah ee qalabka farsamada sare waa hab wax ku ool ah oo lagu xalliyo dhibaatadan.Badeeco cusub, caag ka samaysan silikoon oo isku dhafan ayaa leh faa'iidooyinka miisaanka fudud, cabbir yar, anti-flashover, caabbinta gabowga, dayactir la'aanta iyo dayactir la'aanta, waxaana si ballaaran loo isticmaalay 35kV iyo 110kV.
Waqtiga boostada: Jan-30-2023