Afar, codsiga eepolyimide:
Sababo la xiriira sifooyinka polyimide ee kor ku xusan ee waxqabadka iyo kimistariga synthetic, way adagtahay in la helo noocyo badan oo codsiyo ah sida polyimide oo ka mid ah polymers badan, waxayna muujinaysaa waxqabad aad u wanaagsan dhinac kasta..
1. Filim: Waa mid ka mid ah wax soo saarka ugu horreeya ee polyimide, kaas oo loo isticmaalo dahaarka booska ee matoorada iyo alaabta duubista ee fiilooyinka.Alaabooyinka ugu muhiimsan waa DuPont Kapton, Ube Industries 'Upilex series iyo Zhongyuan Apical.Aflaanta polyimide ee hufan waxay u adeegaan sidii unugyo unug cadceed ah oo dabacsan.
2. Dahaarka: waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii varnish dahaarka silig elektromagnetic, ama loo isticmaalo daahan heerkul sare u adkaysta.
3. Qalab isku dhafan oo horumarsan: loo isticmaalo hawada, diyaaradaha iyo qaybaha gantaallada.Waa mid ka mid ah qalabka qaabdhismeedka u adkeysiga heerkulka ugu sarreeya.Tusaale ahaan, barnaamijka supersonic airliner ee Maraykanka waxa loogu talagalay xawaarihiisa 2.4M, heerkulka dusha sare ee 177 ° C inta lagu jiro duulimaadka, iyo adeegga loo baahan yahay ee 60,000h.Sida laga soo xigtay warbixinnada, 50% qalabka qaab-dhismeedka ayaa la go'aamiyay in ay u isticmaalaan polyimide thermoplastic sida resin-ga matrixka.Fiber kaarboon oo la xoojiyay walxaha isku dhafan, qadarka diyaarad kasta waa qiyaastii 30t.
4. Fiber: Module of elasticity ayaa ka xiga kaliya fiber carbon.Waxa loo istcimaalayaa walxo shaandhayn ah oo loogu talagalay warbaahinta kulaylka sare leh iyo walxaha shucaaca ah, iyo sidoo kale dharka aan xabadu karin iyo kuwa dab-demiska.
5. Caagagga xumbo: loo isticmaalo sidii heerkul sare oo u adkaysta walxaha kuleylka.
6. Balaastikada Injineerinka: Waxaa jira heerkulbeegyo iyo noocyo heerkulbeeg ah.Noocyada kulaylka waa la qaabayn karaa ama la isku duri karaa ama la kala wareejin karaa.Inta badan loo isticmaalo is-saliimaynta, shaabadeynta, dahaarka iyo qalabka dhismaha.Qalabka Guangcheng polyimide ayaa bilaabay in lagu dabaqo qaybaha makaanikada sida kombaresarada Vanes rotary, giraangiraha bistoonada iyo xirmooyinka bamka gaarka ah.
7. Xabag: loo isticmaalo sida koollada qaab-dhismeedka heer-kulka sare.Xabagta polyimide ee Guangcheng ayaa loo soo saaray sidii isku-darka dahaadhka sare ee qaybaha elektiroonigga ah.
8. Xuubka kala soocida: waxaa loo isticmaalaa kala soocida lamaanaha kala duwan ee gaasta, sida hydrogen/nitrogen, nitrogen/oxygen, carbon dioxide/nitrogen ama methane, iwm.Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa sidii xuub daloosha iyo xuubka ultrafiltration.Sababtoo ah iska caabbinta kulaylka iyo caabbinta dareeraha organic ee polyimide, waxay muhiimad gaar ah u leedahay kala soocida gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo dareeraha.
9. Photoresist: Waxaa jira iska caabin taban iyo kuwa togan, xallintuna waxay gaari kartaa heer hoose.Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa filimka shaandhada midabka leh oo lagu daro midabyo ama midabyo, taas oo si weyn u fududeyn karta habka wax soo saarka.
10. Codsiga aaladaha microelectronic: sida lakabka dielectric ee dahaarka interlayer, sida lakabka kaydinta si loo yareeyo walbahaarka iyo hagaajinta dhalidda.Sida lakabka ilaalinta, waxay yareyn kartaa saameynta deegaanka ee qalabka, waxayna sidoo kale ilaalin kartaa a-particles, yaraynta ama baabi'inta qaladka jilicsan (jilicsan) ee qalabka.
11. Wakiilka isku xidhka muraayadda dareeraha ah:Polyimidewaxay door aad u muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa walxaha wakiilka toosinta ee TN-LCD, SHN-LCD, TFT-CD iyo soo bandhigida dareeraha dareeraha ee ferroelectric mustaqbalka.
12. Qalabka Electro-optic: loo isticmaalo sida mawjadaha waveguide dadban ama firfircoon, qalabka beddelka indhaha iwm.xasiloonida.
Marka la soo koobo, ma adka in la arko sababta polyimide uu uga soo bixi karo polymers-ka heterocyclic ee udugga badan ee soo muuqday 1960-meeyadii iyo 1970-meeyadii, oo ugu dambeyntii noqday fasalka muhiimka ah ee alaabta polymer.
5. Muuqaalka:
Sida maaddo polymer ah oo rajo leh,polyimidesi buuxda ayaa loo aqoonsaday, iyo codsigeeda alaabta dahaadhka ah iyo qalabka dhismaha ayaa si joogto ah u sii fidaya.Marka la eego agabka shaqaynaya, way soo baxaysaa, awooddeedana weli waa la baadhayaa.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib 40 sano ee horumarinta, weli ma ay noqon noocyo kala duwan oo weyn.Sababta ugu weyn ayaa ah in qiimaha uu weli yahay mid aad u sarreeya marka loo eego polymers kale.Sidaa darteed, mid ka mid ah jihooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee cilmi-baarista polyimide mustaqbalka waa inay weli ahaataa sidii loo heli lahaa habab lagu dhimo kharashyada isku-dhafka monomer iyo hababka polymerization.
1. Synthesis of monomers: monomers of polyimide waa dianhydride (tetraacid) iyo diamine.Habka isku dhafka ah ee diamine waa mid bislaaday, iyo diamines badan ayaa sidoo kale ganacsi ahaan loo heli karaa.Dianhydride waa monomer yar oo gaar ah, kaas oo inta badan loo isticmaalo isku dhafka polyimide marka laga reebo wakiilka daaweynta ee resin epoxy.Pyromellitic dianhydride iyo trimellitic anhydride waxaa lagu heli karaa marxalad gaas hal-tallaabo ah iyo oxidation wejiga dareeraha ah ee durene iyo trimethylene oo laga soo saaray saliid culus oo udgoon, oo ah badeecad sifeyn batroolka.Dianhydrides kale oo muhiim ah, sida benzophenone dianhydride, biphenyl dianhydride, diphenyl ether dianhydride, hexafluorodianhydride, iwm, ayaa lagu sameeyay habab kala duwan, laakiin kharashku aad ayuu qaali u yahay.toban kun oo yuan.Waxaa soo saaray Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Akadeemiyada Sayniska Shiinaha, 4-chlorophthalic anhydride-nadiifinta sare leh iyo 3-chlorophthalic anhydride waxaa laga heli karaa chlorination o-xylene, oxidation iyo isomerization separation.Isticmaalka labadan xeryood sida alaabta ceeriin waxay soo saari karaan Taxanaha diahydrides, oo leh awood weyn oo lagu dhimayo kharashka, waa dariiq qiimo leh oo isku dhafan.
2. Habka Polymerization: Habka laba-tallaabo ee hadda la isticmaalo iyo habka kondensation-ka ee hal-tallaabo dhammaan waxay isticmaalaan dareeraha karkarinaya.Qiimaha dareerayaasha aprotic polar waa mid aad u sarreeya, wayna adagtahay in laga saaro.Ugu dambeyntii, daaweyn heerkul sare ayaa loo baahan yahay.Habka PMR waxay isticmaashaa dareere aalkolo ah oo jaban.Thermoplastic polyimide sidoo kale waa la polymerized iyo granulated si toos ah ee extruder leh dianhydride iyo diamine, wax dareere ah looma baahna, iyo waxtarka si weyn loo hagaajin karaa.Waa dariiqa isku-dhafka ugu dhaqaalaha badan ee lagu helo polyimide iyadoo si toos ah loo polymerization chlorophthalic anhydride oo leh diamine, bisphenol, sodium sulfide ama sulfur elemental iyada oo aan la marin dianhydride.
3. Processing: Codsiga polyimide waa mid aad u ballaaran, waxaana jira shuruudo kala duwan oo loo baahan yahay si loo farsameeyo, sida isku mid ahaanshaha sare ee sameynta filimka, miiqinta, kaydinta uumiga, sawir-qaadista-yar-yar-yar, dhejinta derbiga qoto dheer ee Etching, baaxad weyn, ballaaran. qaabaynta mugga, ion implantation, farsamaynta saxda ah ee laser, tignoolajiyada nano-cabbirka isku-dhafka ah, iwm. ayaa furay adduun ballaadhan oo loogu talagalay codsiga polyimide.
Iyada oo la sii wanaajinayo tikniyoolajiyadda farsamaynta ee tignoolajiyada wax-soo-saarka iyo dhimista la taaban karo ee qiimaha, iyo sidoo kale sifooyinkeeda makaanikada sare iyo guryaha dahaarka korantada, polyimide thermoplastic ayaa hubaal ka ciyaari doona door caan ah berrinka agabka mustaqbalka.Iyo polyimide thermoplastic ayaa aad u rajo badan sababtoo ah hawlkarnimadeeda wanaagsan.
6. Gabagabo:
Dhowr arrimood oo muhiim u ah horumarka gaabis ah eepolyimide:
1. Diyaarinta alaabta ceeriin ee wax soo saarka polyimide: nadiifinta pyromellitic dianhydride kuma filna.
2. Qalabka ceeriin ee pyromellitic dianhydride, taas oo ah, wax soo saarka durene waa xaddidan yahay.Wax-soo-saarka caalamiga ah: 60,000 tan/sanadkii, wax-soo-saarka gudaha: 5,000 tan/sanadkii.
3. Qiimaha wax soo saarka ee pyromellitic dianhydride waa mid aad u sarreeya.Dunida, qiyaastii 1.2-1.4 tan oo durene ah waxay soo saartaa 1 tan oo pyromellitic dianhydride ah, halka kuwa ugu fiican ee dalkaygu ay hadda soo saaraan qiyaastii 2.0-2.25 tan oo durene ah.tan, kaliya Changshu Federal Chemical Co., Ltd. ayaa gaadhay 1.6 tan/ton.
4. Miisaanka wax soo saarka ee polyimide aad ayuu u yar yahay si uu u sameeyo warshad, iyo falcelinta dhinaca polyimide waa badan yihiin oo adag.
5. Inta badan ganacsiyada guduhu waxay leeyihiin wacyigelin dhaqameed, taas oo xaddidaysa aagga codsiga ilaa xad gaar ah.Caadi ahaan marka hore waxay isticmaalaan alaab shisheeye ama waxay arkaan alaab shisheeye ka hor intaysan ka raadin Shiinaha.Baahiyaha shirkad kastaa waxay ka timaadaa baahida macaamiisha hoose ee ganacsiga, warcelinta macluumaadka iyo macluumaadka;Kanaalka isha ma siman yihiin, waxaa jira xiriiriyayaal badan oo dhexdhexaad ah, iyo cadadka macluumaadka saxda ah ee qaabka ka baxsan.
Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-13-2023