Polyimide, oo ah dhammaan wareegyada qalabka polymer, ayaa kiciyay xiisaha machadyo badan oo cilmi baaris ah oo ku yaal Shiinaha, qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha ayaa sidoo kale bilaabay inay soo saaraan - walxahayaga polyimide.
I. Dulmar
Qalabka injineernimada gaarka ah, polyimide ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay duulista, hawada hawada, microelectronics, nanometer, crystal dareere, xuubka kala-soocidda, laser iyo meelo kale.Dhawaan, dalalku waxay taxayaan cilmi-baarista, horumarinta iyo ka faa'iidaysigapolyimidesidii mid ka mid ah balaastikada injineernimada ee ugu rajada badan qarniga 21aad.Polyimide, sababtoo ah sifooyinkeeda cajiibka ah ee waxqabadka iyo isku dhafka, haddii loo isticmaalo qalab dhisme ama qalab shaqeynaya, rajada codsiga weyn ayaa si buuxda loo aqoonsaday, waxaana loo yaqaanaa "khabiir xalinta dhibaatada" ), oo aaminsan in "polyimide la'aanteed, maanta ma jiri doonto tignoolajiyada microelectronics".
Marka labaad, waxqabadka polyimide
1. Marka loo eego falanqaynta thermogravimetric ee polyimide oo si buuxda udgoon, heerkulkiisa qudhunku guud ahaan waa ku dhawaad 500 ° C.Polyimide oo laga soo saaray biphenyl dianhydride iyo p-phenylenediamine waxay leedahay heerkul kuleyl burbursan oo ah 600°C waana mid ka mid ah polymers-ka ugu daggan kulaylka ilaa hadda.
2. Polyimide waxay u adkeysan kartaa heerkul aad u hooseeya, sida helium dareere ah -269 ° C, ma noqon doonto mid jajaban.
3. Polyimidewaxay leedahay sifooyin farsamo oo aad u fiican.Awooda xajinta caagadaha aan la buuxin ayaa ka sarreeya 100Mpa, filimka (Kapton) ee homophenylene polyimide wuxuu ka sarreeyaa 170Mpa, iyo nooca biphenyl polyimide (UpilexS) ilaa 400Mpa.Sida balaastig injineernimada ah, qadarka filimka laastikada badanaa waa 3-4Gpa, fiberkuna wuxuu gaari karaa 200Gpa.Marka loo eego xisaabinta aragtida, fiber-ka lagu farsameeyay phthalic anhydride iyo p-phenylenediamine waxay gaari kartaa 500Gpa, oo ka xigta kaliya fiber carbon.
4. Qaar ka mid ah noocyada polyimide waa kuwo aan lagu milmi karin dareerayaasha organic waxayna deggan yihiin inay milmaan asiidhyada.Noocyada guud maaha kuwo u adkaysta hydrolysis.Tani waxay u muuqataa liidasho waxay ka dhigaysaa polyimide ka duwan polymers-yada kale ee waxqabadka sare leh.Sifada ayaa ah in sheyga ceeriin ee dianhydride iyo diamine lagu soo celin karo hydrolysis alkaline.Tusaale ahaan, filimka Kapton, heerka soo kabashada wuxuu gaari karaa 80%-90%.Beddelidda qaab-dhismeedka sidoo kale waxay heli kartaa noocyo badan oo u adkaysta hydrolysis, sida u adkeysiga 120 ° C, 500 saacadood oo karkaraya.
5. Isku-dhafka fidinta kulaylka ee polyimide waa 2 × 10-5－3 × 10-5 ℃, Guangcheng thermoplastic polyimide waa 3 × 10-5℃, nooca biphenyl wuxuu gaari karaa 10-6℃, noocyo shaqsiyeed wuxuu noqon karaa ilaa 10- 7°C.
6. Polyimide waxay leedahay iska caabin sare oo shucaac ah, filimkeeduna wuxuu leeyahay xajin xoog ah oo ah 90% ka dib 5 × 109rad shucaaca elektaroonigga ah ee degdega ah.
7. PolyimideWaxay leedahay sifooyin koronto-siin wanaagsan, oo leh koronto joogto ah oo ku saabsan 3.4.Marka la soo bandhigo fluorine ama kala firdhinta nanometer-ka hawada ee polyimide, joogitaanka dielectric waxaa lagu yarayn karaa ilaa 2.5.Dielectric khasaaraha waa 10-3, xoogga dielectric waa 100-300KV / mm, Guangcheng thermoplastic polyimide waa 300KV / mm, caabbinta mugga waa 1017Ω / cm.Guryahaani waxay ku sii jiraan heer sare marka loo eego kala duwanaanta heerkulka ballaaran iyo inta jeer ee soo noqnoqda.
8. Polyimide waa polymer is-demiya oo leh heerka qiiqa hooseeya.
9. Polyimide waxay leedahay gaas-soo-saar aad u yar marka la eego faakuum aad u sarreeya.
10. Polyimide ma aha sun, waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo alaabta miiska iyo qalabka caafimaadka, waxayna u adkeysan kartaa kumanaan jeermis-dileyaal ah.Qaar ka mid ah polyimides sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin biocompatibility wanaagsan, tusaale ahaan, waa kuwa aan hemolytic ahayn ee baaritaanka iswaafajinta dhiigga iyo kuwa aan sun ahayn baaritaanka cytotoxicity in vitro.
3. Siyaabo kala duwan oo loo sameeyo:
Waxaa jira noocyo badan iyo noocyo badan oo polyimide ah, waxaana jira siyaabo badan oo loo sameeyo, sidaas darteed waxaa lagu dooran karaa iyadoo loo eegayo ujeedooyin kala duwan.Dabacsanaanta noocaan ah ee ku jirta abuurka ayaa sidoo kale ku adag polymers kale inay yeeshaan.
1. Polyimidewaxaa inta badan laga soo saaray dibasic anhydrides iyo diamines.Labadan monomers waxaa lagu daraa polymers heterocyclic kale oo badan, sida polybenzimidazole, polybenzimidazole, polybenzothiazole, polyquinone Marka la barbardhigo monomers sida phenoline iyo polyquinoline, isha alaabta ceeriin waa ballaaran tahay, iskudubaridkuna sidoo kale waa mid sahlan.Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo dianhydrides ah iyo diamines, iyo polyimides oo leh sifooyin kala duwan ayaa lagu heli karaa isku-dar kala duwan.
2. Polyimide waxaa lagu shubi karaa heerkul hooseeya dianhydride iyo diamine ee dareeraha polar, sida DMF, DMAC, NMP ama THE/methanol dareeraha isku qasan, si loo helo polyamic acid milmaya, ka dib sameynta filim ama kuleylinta ilaa 300 ° C fuuqbaxa iyo wareegga wareegga polyimide;acetic anhydride iyo kataliyayaasha amine tertiary ayaa sidoo kale lagu dari karaa polyamic acid for fuuqbaxa kiimikaad iyo baaskiil si loo helo xal polyimide iyo budada.Diamine iyo dianhydride sidoo kale waa la kululayn karaa oo lagu dabooli karaa dareere heer sare ah oo karkaraya, sida dareeraha phenolic, si loo helo polyimide hal tallaabo.Intaa waxaa dheer, polyimide sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa falcelinta dibasic acid ester iyo diamine;Waxa kale oo laga bedeli karaa polyamic acid oo loo rogi karaa polyisoimide marka hore, ka dibna polyimide.Hababkan oo dhami waxay keenayaan ku habboonaanta habaynta.Midda hore waxaa loo yaqaan habka PMR, kaas oo heli kara viscosity hooseeya, xal adag oo sarreeya, oo leh daaqad leh maqaar dhalaalid hooseeya inta lagu jiro farsamaynta, kaas oo si gaar ah ugu habboon soo saarista walxaha isku dhafan;korodhka dambe Si loo hagaajiyo milanka, ma jiraan xeryahooda-molecular hoose oo la sii daayo inta lagu jiro habka beddelka.
3. Ilaa inta ay daahirka dianhydride (ama tetraacid) iyo diamine ay u qalanto, iyada oo aan loo eegin habka polycondensation ee loo isticmaalo, way fududahay in la helo miisaan culus oo ku filan, miisaanka molecular si fudud ayaa loo hagaajin karaa iyadoo lagu darayo anhydride unit ama unit amin.
4. Polycondensation of dianhydride (ama tetraacid) iyo diamine, ilaa inta saamiga molarku uu gaaro saamiga siman, daaweynta kulaylka ee faakuumku waxay si weyn u kordhin kartaa miisaanka kelli ee prepolymer miisaan yar oo adag, taas oo hagaajinaysa habka iyo samaynta budada.Si habboon u imow.
5. Way fududahay in lagu soo bandhigo kooxaha falceliska ah ee silsiladda dhamaadka ama silsiladda si ay u sameeyaan oligomers firfircoon, sidaas darteedna loo helo polyimide thermosetting.
6. Ka faa'iidayso kooxda carboxyl ee polyimide si aad ufuliso esterification ama samaynta milixda, oo soo bandhig kooxaha sawir-qaadista ama kooxaha alkyl silsiladda dheer si ay u helaan polymers amphiphilic, kuwaas oo loo isticmaali karo in lagu helo sawir-qaadista ama loo isticmaalo diyaarinta filimada LB.
7. Habka guud ee isku-dhafka polyimide ma soo saaro milix aan dabiici ahayn, taas oo si gaar ah faa'iido u leh diyaarinta walxaha dahaarka.
8. Dianhydride iyo diamine sida monomers way fududahay in la hoos mariyo faaruq sare, markaa way fududahay in la sameeyopolyimidefilim ku saabsan qaybaha shaqada, gaar ahaan aaladaha leh sagxadaha aan sinnayn, ee uumiga dhigaayo.
Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-06-2023